Language learning has been around since people from different parts of the world have learned about each other’s existence, places and cultures and they have established ties with each other by communicating in each other’s languages.
For thousands of years many people have learned languages other than their native tongues in order to be updated with the activities, events, economies, innovations, and strategies of other countries. However, learning languages back then had been crude and complicated since not everyone had the privilege or opportunity to learn them.
Fast forward to the modern times, language learning has experienced a lot of changes together with the development of newer methods and more modern technology. In the 1960s, language learning programs in Canada promoted total language immersion in the language learners’ target language. Language learners may have had a hard time coping with the method but as years went by, it is considered to be one of the most effective ways to learn a language and has become a standard for most language learning institutions.
Most experts say that knowing and understanding languages other than one’s own will be critical and beneficial as the whole world is shifting into a global society where almost everyone on the planet will be interacting with each other. Educational institutions are put in an important position to prepare the future leaders of the world with the essential communication tools.
According to a 2006 survey by the Modern Language Association, the study of languages other than English has been steadily climbing since 1998 and has increased by 12.9 percent from 2002 to 2006. Spanish, German, and French language enrollees represent more than seventy percent of the results yet in that four-year period, enrollment in other language courses have also grown such as the 127 percent growth in Arabic courses and 51 percent in Chinese courses. The trend matches with the prediction that in order to succeed in the new economy, people need to me bilingual or multilingual.
David Crystal, a notable linguist who wrote numerous books including “The Future of Language”, has said that languages are dying daily due to globalization, oppressive governments and natural disasters that are wiping out small communities. The world has six thousand to seven thousand languages and many predict that more than half of them will perish in the twenty-first century.
Marty Abbot, the director of education for the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages has also said that in the past, American schools tended to focus on languages of the moment. Russian programs started popping up after the launch of Sputnik in the 1960s, in the 1980s there was an interest in the Japanese language since the economy of Japan was strong, and now there is a rise in Chinese language learning as a result of China’s economy. America has a history of learning languages when they think that there’s an economic or political threat going their way. However, there are many college campuses that show effort to internationalize their curriculums. There are more students studying abroad and receiving government scholarships so that they are prepared to meet the demands of a global economy.
Terry Caccavale who is the K-12 language specialist for Holliston Public Schools has launched a French Immersion Program in 1979 with one kindergarten class of twenty-seven students. Caccavale said that studies have shown that foreign language learning increases critical thinking skills, creativity, and flexibility of the mind in young children. She has also said that the argument in favor of early language learning should not be based upon the benefits of learning one particular language and that the better argument is that children should learn any second language while they are children.
Catherine Porter who was Caccavale’s French professor in 1972 and is the current president of the Modern Language Association said that total immersion classes have yet to expand in the United States mainly due to a limited public awareness and the fact that some local officials see foreign languages as expendable. Porter also said that compared to children, adults have a more difficult time learning a second language and many of them lack the motivation because they believe that it is too hard. However, in this century, experts say that it is easier than ever to become bilingual due to technological advances.
David Crystal has said that the internet has been revolutionary since in 1995, 90 percent of the web was in English yet by 2000 the number dropped to 75 percent. In 2003 there were more hosts in languages other than English on the web. By the end of 2008, the internet users of China rose to 298 million and makes up the largest online population of the world according to a recent report by China Internet Network Information Center.
The onset of Web 2.0 has been very influential for many people around the world and language learners have used the technology to enhance their language learning skills. Blogs, chat rooms, podcasts, videos, and more have given learners more exposure to their target languages and cultures beyond the walls of the classroom. Even with the argument that the web will be pushing for one universal language, Crystal said that the technology promotes linguistic diversity.
Crystal said that he believes that the big languages will split across the globe and then converge into two levels one being the international standard, while the other will exist in pockets as variations that express local identities. The internet will contribute to the levels and allow the standard to reach more people. However, Crystal said it is too soon to make long term predictions regarding the matter.
How about you, what do you think will be the future of languages and foreign language learning?